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Laravel Custom Validation Rule for beginners

Laravel Create a Custom Form Validation Rule for Beginners

So in this post, you’ll learn to create a custom validation rule in Laravel and the first thing to start is by creating a Rule using the below command.

php artisan make:rule ValidUsername

This command will create a file under App\Rules and contains two methods they are passes() and message.

  • passes(): This method will check the value on conditions and return the boolean value.
  • message(): This method will return the message if the method passes() return false.

In app\Rules\ValidUsername.php

<?php

namespace App\Rules;

use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\Rule;

class ValidUsername implements Rule
{
    /**
        * Determine if the validation rule passes.
        *
        * @param  string  $attribute
        * @param  mixed  $value
        * @return bool
        */
    public function passes($attribute, $value)
    {
        //this condition checks wheather the username contains any empty spaces or quotes
        return ( preg_match( '/[\'"\s]/', $value ) )? false : true; 
    }

    /**
        * Get the validation error message.
        *
        * @return string
        */
    public function message()
    {
        return 'The Username must not contain any spaces and special characters such as single and double quotes';
    }
}

Call Validator::make() method in controller

Now to use ValidUsername the rule just call it with new ValidUsername and no brackets.

In app\Http\Controllers\HomeController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Rules\ValidUsername;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;

class HomeController extends Controller
{
    
    public function home(){
        $input = [
            'username' => "sam 123"
        ];    

        $rules = [
            'username' => ['required', new ValidUsername ]
        ];

        $validator = Validator::make( $input, $rules );

        dump( "Is valid : ".$validator->fails() );
        dump( $validator->errors() );
    }

}

Create a Web Route

In routes\web.php.

<?php

use App\Http\Controllers\HomeController;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;

Route::get( 'validation/home', [ HomeController::class, 'home' ] );

Output

Laravel Custom Validation Rule to Validate Username Output

Laravel Custom Validation Rule to Validate Username Output

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Extra Tips

Insisted of creating a new rule you can pass a function as a rule which calls a $fail closure.

// from this 
$rules = [
    'username' => ['required', new ValidUsername ]
];

// to this
$rules = [
    'username' => [
        'required', 
        function ($attribute, $value, $fail) {
            if ( preg_match( '/[\'"\s]/', $value )  ) {
                $fail( "The Username must not contain any spaces and special characters such as single and double quotes" );
            }
        },
    ]
];

Conclusion

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