Python Numbers
In this tutorial, you’ll learn about Python Numbers with Type conversion, checking and also functions specifically for handling numeric values. In General, Numbers can be assigned to Python Variables directly through equal to an operator without the need of specifying the datatype whether the number is integer or float. Python is a dynamically typed programming language implicitly converts the assigned values to its respective datatype and also adds additional properties and methods through which you can access them to manipulate the output of a number.
Post Update Timeline
Updated on: 29-06-2020
Added new topics such as Number Validation, Type Conversion and Formatting with Currency Formatting etc
As for now, Python supports three types of Datatypes
- Integer ( int )
- Float ( float )
- Complex ( complex )
- Python Type Conversion in Numbers
- Validating or Type Checking of Numbers in Python
- Python Number Formatting
- Formatting Currency in Python
- Conclusion
Integer (int)
In simple words, An Integer is a signed or unsigned number with no decimal point. For example 12, -5, -120 etc are considered as an Integer.
x = 1 y = 1000 z = -1000 print(x) print(y) print(z) print(type(x)) print(type(y)) print(type(z)) #PYTHON OUTPUT 1 1000 -1000 <class 'int'> <class 'int'> <class 'int'>
The variables x, y and z all have integer values. To get the variable datatype to use the type() function. And in this case, all these variables show that the variable belongs to class int. If you are new to python then let me remind you that in Python everything is an object. Hence the variables are also object of class int.
Float (float)
You can recognize float numbers by their decimal point. Some of those are -1.56, 65.10 etc. In Python, all the float numbers belong to the class float.
x = 1.75 y = 1000.20 z = -1000.20 print(x) print(y) print(z) print(type(x)) print(type(y)) print(type(z)) #PYTHON OUTPUT 1.75 1000.2 -1000.2 <class 'float'> <class 'float'> <class 'float'>
Complex ( complex )
According to Wikipedia, A Complex numbers are written in the form of a+bj, where a and b are the real numbers and j is an imaginary number. Below is the example is shown to create a complex in Python.
x = 12.12+2-2j y = 123.020*2j print(x) print(y) print(type(x)) print(type(y)) #PYTHON OUTPUT (14.12-2j) 246.04j <class 'complex'> <class 'complex'>
Python Type Conversion in Numbers
salary = 15025
print(f"Type Cast to Float: {float(salary)}")
print(f"Type Cast to Complex: {complex(salary)}")
#PYTHON OUTPUT
Type Cast to Float: 15025.0
Type Cast to Complex : (15025+0j)
Validating or Type Checking of Numbers in Python
salary = 15025.05 print( type(salary) is float ) # returns True
Python Number Formatting
There are many ways to format number inside strings some of them are given below.
salary = 15025.12345
print( "John's monthly salary is %0.1f" % salary )
print( "John's monthly salary is {:0.2f}".format(salary) )
print( f"John's monthly salary is {salary:0.3f}" )
#PYTHON OUTPUT
John's monthly salary is 15025.1
John's monthly salary is 15025.12
John's monthly salary is 15025.123
Formatting Currency in Python
When we talk about numbers than we must also take currency into consideration. Formatting numbers in currency form is quite easier and you can achieve this using the format() string method.
print("${:,.2f}".format(150.2))
print("${:,.2f}".format(1500.2))
print("${:,.2f}".format(15000.2))
print("${:,.2f}".format(150000.2))
print("${:,.2f}".format(1500000.2))
print("${:,.2f}".format(15000000.2))
#PYTHON OUTPUT
$150.20
$1,500.20
$15,000.20
$150,000.20
$1,500,000.20
$15,000,000.20
Note
There are also other alternative ways of currency formatting. I only covered the most basic of all and for more details on currency formatting, you can visit this stack overflow thread.
Conclusion
In conclusion, we have come to the end of this post on Python Numbers. Comment below for your suggestions and queries.
